Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most significant and debilitating problems faced by athletes worldwide. This vital ligament plays a crucial role in maintaining knee stability, especially during dynamic sports movements like jumping, cutting, and pivoting. Although ACL injuries affect athletes of all genders, research and clinical observations consistently show that female athletes are at a considerably higher risk of suffering ACL tears compared to their male counterparts.

Understanding why female athletes are more prone to ACL injuries is essential not only for athletes themselves but also for coaches, trainers, and healthcare providers. This knowledge helps in tailoring prevention strategies, optimising training programmes, and ensuring prompt and effective treatment when injuries do occur. This blog explores the multifaceted reasons behind the increased vulnerability of female athletes to ACL injuries, focusing on anatomical, biomechanical, hormonal, and external factors.

Understanding ACL Injuries

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is one of the four primary ligaments in the knee joint. It connects the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone) and is responsible for preventing excessive forward movement of the tibia relative to the femur. Additionally, the ACL provides rotational stability, which is vital for most sporting activities that require sudden changes in direction.

When the ACL is injured, usually through a sudden twist, impact, or awkward landing, it can result in partial or complete tears. Such injuries compromise knee stability, often leading to pain, swelling, and loss of function. Recovery can be long and challenging, sometimes requiring surgical intervention followed by extensive rehabilitation.